Pre-Clinical

The company’s systemic formulation (APO-1 (APOSEC^TM)) derived from peripheral white blood cells (PBMCs) has been evaluated in animal models of wound healing, stroke, spinal cord injury, and models of chronic and acute myocardial infarction.

Mechanisms of action
It was found that the product shows

1. anti-inflammatory activity,
2. promotes activation of anti-apoptotic proteins and cytoprotective kinase pathways,
3. causes vasodilation and attenuates platelet aggregation,
4. and shows pro-angiogenic effects by promoting the mobilization and homing of CD68+ macrophages and c-kit+ endothelial progenitor cells,
5. inhibits granulocyte activation via inhibition of netosis,
6. augments systemic protease inhibition,
7. increases antimicrobial peptides,
8. augments M1-M2 transdifferentiation,
9. protects mast cells from degeneration,
10. inhibits dendritic cell function,

The topical formulation APO-2 (APOSEC^TM) has been tested in acute murine and porcine wound models. Upon histological analysis, wounds treated with APO-2 (APOSEC^TM) showed enhanced formation of granulation tissue. In addition, enhanced epithelialization of the wound area was observed. In scratch assays using cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts, enhanced closure of the scratch defects were observed.